Phosgene (COCl₂)

CAS Number: 75-44-5
Phosgene (COCl₂) is a colorless, highly toxic gas with a faint odor of freshly cut hay or grass. It is produced during the combustion or thermal decomposition of chlorinated compounds, including chlorinated solvents, refrigerants, and plastics. Phosgene is also used as a chemical intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, and polymers. It is one of the most dangerous industrial gases because it causes little immediate irritation at toxic concentrations, leading to delayed pulmonary edema that can be fatal 24–48 hours after exposure. Workers in chemical manufacturing, fire response, and environments where chlorinated materials are heated or burned are at risk.

Phosgene monitoring helps protect workers from a highly toxic gas that can cause delayed lung injury, especially when chlorinated solvents or materials are exposed to heat during welding, cutting, or fire events. RAECO Rents gas monitors are bump tested or span calibrated on the day of shipment. Our team can help confirm the right monitor, alarms, and setup for the job, with fast turnaround and phone support so you can get reliable field readings quickly.

Regulatory Exposure Limits

Updated on March 09, 2026

OSHA PEL
TWA: 0.1 ppm (0.4 mg/m³)
STEL: N/A
C: N/A
NIOSH REL
TWA: 0.1 ppm (0.4 mg/m³)
STEL: N/A
C: 0.2 ppm (0.8 mg/m³) [15-min]
ACGIH TLV
TWA: N/A
STEL: N/A
C: 0.02 ppm [2021]
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about
When is phosgene a real hazard on a jobsite?
Phosgene is a credible hazard when chlorinated solvents or materials can be exposed to high heat—welding/cutting near solvent residues, fires involving chlorinated products, or certain chemical process environments. The key is identifying whether chlorinated compounds and high heat can coincide.
Can I rely on smell or general gas detection when phosgene is a concern?
No. Phosgene's odor threshold is above its dangerous concentration—by the time you can smell it, you may already be at a harmful exposure level. General photoionization detectors (PIDs) and standard 4-gas monitors do not reliably detect phosgene. If phosgene is a credible hazard (chemical processes, chlorinated solvent use near heat sources), you need a phosgene-specific monitor or colorimetric tubes calibrated for phosgene.
Where should monitors be placed to detect phosgene early?
Place monitors near the work area in the breathing zone and in likely accumulation areas based on airflow—not just at room entrances. In enclosed or low-ventilation spaces, multiple monitoring points improve coverage. Since phosgene can reach hazardous levels before odor is detectable, placement near the source of heat and chlorinated material matters most.
What should I know before renting phosgene monitoring for welding or cutting work?
Confirm what solvents/cleaners were used, whether residues could remain, ventilation conditions, and whether the task occurs in an enclosed space. Also confirm whether you need continuous monitoring during the task.
Why are spot checks risky when phosgene is a concern?
Because concentrations can spike quickly during heating events and health effects can be delayed by hours—meaning a person may feel fine initially and deteriorate later. Continuous monitoring during the task provides real-time warning when phosgene is plausible, rather than relying on infrequent readings that could miss a dangerous peak.
Should I use a phosgene-specific monitor or general gas detection when phosgene is a concern?
Use a phosgene-specific monitor whenever phosgene is plausible—chlorinated solvents or materials exposed to high heat, fires, or certain process work. Standard 4-gas monitors and VOC PIDs do not reliably detect phosgene. Given its very low exposure limits and delayed health effects, if the reading will drive safety, entry, or re-entry decisions, phosgene-specific detection is the only defensible choice.
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